Corona represents crown-like spikes on the outer surface of the virus thus, it was named as a coronavirus. We also discuss the approaches for developing effective vaccines and therapeutic combinations to cope with this viral outbreak.Ĭoronaviruses belong to the Coronaviridae family in the Nidovirales order. In the current review, we summarize and comparatively analyze the emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19 infection and previous human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. Genomic analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 is phylogenetically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) bat viruses, therefore bats could be the possible primary reservoir. The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world.
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